Blood tests. Tests to measure blood clotting and bleeding times, cell counts, electrolytes, and liver function, among others.
Urine tests. Lumbar puncture. A procedure involving the insertion of a needle in between the vertebrae of the spine to draw spinal fluid and check for bacteria.
How is toxic shock syndrome treated? Specific treatment will be determined by your health care provider based on: Your age, health, and medical history Extent of the disease Your tolerance for specific medications, procedures, or therapies Expectations for the course of the disease Your opinion or preference Treatment for TSS may include: Giving intravenous through a vein antibiotics Giving intravenous fluid to treat shock and prevent organ damage Heart medications in people with very low blood pressure Dialysis may be required in people who develop kidney failure Giving blood products Supplemental oxygen or mechanical ventilation to assist with breathing Deep surgical cleaning of an infected wound What are the complications of toxic shock syndrome?
TSS can result in amputations of fingers, toes, or limbs, or even death. Can toxic shock syndrome be prevented? Since reinfection is common, menstruating girls and women should avoid using tampons if they have had TSS. Prompt and thorough wound care is crucial in avoiding TSS. Minimal usage of vaginal foreign body items, such as diaphragms, tampons, and sponges can also help prevent TSS.
When should I call my health care provider? Key Points about Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxic shock syndrome describes a cluster of symptoms that involve many systems of the body. It can be caused by Staphylococcus aureus , Streptococcus pyogenes , or Clostridium sordellii. Early symptoms are similar to other infections but can progress quickly to become life-threatening.
TSS can be life-threatening and requires immediate medical attention. Next Steps Tips to help you get the most from a visit to your health care provider: Before your visit, write down questions you want answered. Bring someone with you to help you ask questions and remember what your provider tells you. Between menstrual periods, store tampons away from heat and moisture, where bacteria can grow for example, in a bedroom rather than in a bathroom closet.
Clean and bandage all skin wounds as quickly as possible. Call your doctor if a wound gets red, swollen, or tender, or if a fever begins. Symptoms of toxic shock syndrome come on suddenly. Call your doctor right away if you get a sudden high fever, feel faint, or have any other signs of TSS. Reviewed by: Marcella A. Escoto, DO. Larger text size Large text size Regular text size.
What Is Toxic Shock Syndrome? What Causes Toxic Shock Syndrome? Toxic shock syndrome is caused by two types of bacteria : Staphylococcus aureus often called staph Streptococcus pyogenes often called strep Most cases are related to staph bacteria.
Who Gets Toxic Shock Syndrome? Toxic shock syndrome also can affect someone with any type of staph infection, including: pneumonia an abscess a skin infection an infected wound the blood infection septicemia the bone infection osteomyelitis What Problems Can Happen? Tampons can increase the risk of TSS in two ways, including: Tampons especially super-absorbent varieties that are left in the vagina for a long time may encourage the bacteria to grow. Tampons can stick to the vaginal walls, especially when blood flow is light, causing tiny abrasions when they are removed.
Treatment for toxic shock syndrome If you think you could have toxic shock syndrome, stop using tampons immediately and go to the emergency department of your nearest hospital. Treatment for TSS includes: a stay in hospital medication antibiotics to kill the infection fluids given through a drip intravenously to increase blood pressure and treat dehydration medical treatment for any complications, such as kidney failure.
Reducing the risk of toxic shock syndrome Given the number of women worldwide who regularly use tampons, TSS is a very rare condition. Suggestions to reduce the risk include: Change tampons regularly at least every four hours.
Avoid using super-absorbent tampons. Only unwrap the tampon if you are going to use it immediately. Do not handle the tampon more than you need to. Wash your hands thoroughly before and after inserting the tampon. Be gentle when inserting and removing tampons. Avoid applicator tampons, as the applicator may scrape the vaginal walls. Use pads sanitary napkins instead of tampons overnight. Maintain personal hygiene during your period.
Do not wear tampons when you do not have your period. Consider using pads or panty liners during the last day or so of your period when your flow is light. Use a lubricating jelly when inserting tampons in the last day or so of your period when your flow is light.
There are no clinical trials supporting the use of menstrual cups to reduce the risk of TSS. Where to get help In an emergency, always call an ambulance by dialling triple zero Your doctor Emergency department of your nearest hospital Things to remember Toxic shock syndrome TSS is a rare and potentially life-threatening illness that is thought to be caused by infection with certain types of bacteria.
Women who have their period are menstruating are most at risk of getting TSS, as it is thought to be associated with tampon use.
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